Heating and air conditioning method and apparatus



P 1942- R. FOLLANSBEE 2,278,843

HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING METHOD AND APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 31, 1941 KITCHEN 2 5 m 3 7 6 m3 U: 06 /n hm 1 v m 4 k v Q ,0 Z J x Q Livms Ann DiNiNs Room Patented Apr. 7, 1942 HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING METHOD AND APPARATUS Rogers Follansbee, Evanston, Ill. Application March 31, 1941, Serial No. 386,057

17 Claims.

This invention relatesto heating and air conditioning methods and apparatus, more particularly to forced air heating and conditioning systems for basementless residential enclosures, and the invention has for an object the provision of economical, eflicient and substantially automatic methods and apparatus of this character.

Recent increased demands and facilities for the financing and construction of low cost housing projects have resulted, in various sections of the United States, in the construction of so-called basementless houses of either the unit or the row type. Construction of such houses or enclosures of course involves the problem of providing adequate heating or conditioning systems which will not excessively increase the cost.

Attempts to convert conventional heating systems for basement type houses simply bylocating the heating unit ina first floor utility room and providing suitable ducts to the various areas to be heated or conditioned, have not been wholly successful due in part to the high cost of the necessary duct work and to the factthat a cold 'fioor problem is involved in such basementless units that is not encountered in houses or enclosures having the conventional basement. The presence of a film or layer of cold air under the 'fioor of a basementless unit requires special treatment of the heating problem. Ductless type heaters located centrally of the basementless unit, and relying either upon blowers or upon convection and radiation for heat distribution through the enclosure, have not been foundsuccessful. Much is yet to be desired, therefore, in heating and conditioning systems for residential enclosures of this type, and it is accordingly a further object of this invention toprovide heating and conditioning systems of the forced air type which may be readily and economically installed in suitably designed residential enclosures which require no expensive duct installation, which function automatically to maintain proper conditions in various areas of the enclosure, and which may be economically operated.

In carrying out the invention in one form, a residential enclosure of the'type subdivided into sleeping, living, and utility areas, wherein the sleeping area communicates with the other: areas through a single opening andvthe other areas communicate with each other through openings disposed in series relation, is heated or condi tioned by discharging into the sleeping area a forced stream of heated or conditioned air at a low level and in a downward direction, causing the excess air in the sleeping area to back-spill into the living area through the single opening.

therebetween, discharging a forced stream of heated orv conditioned air into the living area at a low level and'in a downward direction, withdrawing from the living area by way of one of the seriatim openings a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of conditioned or heated air discharged in the two forced streams, moving this volume of air by way of other seriatim openings through the utility areas of the enclosure, and reheating or reconditioning the volume of air-for forced discharge in the previously referred to streams into the sleeping and living areas.

For .a more complete understanding. of the invention reference should nowloe had to the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic illustration of a basic fioor plan, which may be employed in residential enclosures of the type to which this invention is particularly applicable, illustrating one manner in which heating or conditioning methods embodying the invention may be carried out;

Fig. 2 is a similar diagrammatic illustration of i a modified -fioor plan showing the application of the invention thereto;

Fig. 3 is a similar diagrammatic view of a still further modification showing the application of the invention to a two story enclosure;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail view of a portion of the heating or conditioning apparatus employed in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a detail view of a louvered type door which is preferably used in installations embodying the present invention.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the

4.0 invention is shown as embodied in a residential enclosure having the sleeping, living, and utility areas arranged on a single floor. The sleeping area, as shown, includes a bathroom III and two bedrooms II and I2, respectively, all of which open into a hallway IS, the entire sleeping area being isolated from the remaining areas of the enclosure except for a single opening I between the hallway l3 and the living area l5. 7

The living area I5 is preferably of the combined living room-dining room type and is coneating with the kitchen l5 through a louvered type door I9, which is similar to the door I8, is a utility room 20, which utility room preferably contains suitable laundry tubs, hot water heaters, and the heating or conditioning unit which is utilized properly to heat or condition the entire residential enclosure. It will be observed that the rooms I6 and 20, which will be referred to herein as constituting the utility areas of the enclosure, communicate with each other and with the living area I only by way of the doors I8 and I9, and thus may be considered as being arranged in series or in seriatim relation.

As previously indicated, the heating or conditioning unit, which is diagrammatically shown at 2|, is located in the utility room 20. This unit 2| is of a type readily available on the market and includes suitable heating means which may be fired either by gas, oil, or other fuel, or suitable air conditioning means, and a suitable blower for drawing air into the unit and discharging the heated or conditioned air therefrom after it has been properly heated or conditioned.

As shown in Fig. l, the intake side of the heating unit 2| communicates directly with the utility room so that air is drawn into the heating unit as indicated by the arrow 22. The discharge side of the heating unit 2| is connected by a suitable short duct with a distribtuion chamber 23 located in a small enclosure or closet as shown,

the duct between the units 2| and 23 extending through one wall of the utility room 20.

The distribution chamber 23'is disposed closely adjacent the floor of the enclosure and is sufliciently low in height so that the upper part of the closet or small enclosure in which this distribution chamber is located may be used, if desired, as a linen closet or the like. As shown best in Figs. 4 and 5, the distribution chamber 23 is provided with suitable outlets or grilles 24, 25, and 26, respectively arranged in three walls of the closet or place in which the chamber 23 is located. Immediately above the chamber 23 a suitable door 210. may be provided, as shown-in Fig. 4, so as to render the space above the chamber 23 available for use as a closet. Each of the grilles or outlets 24, 25, and 26 is provided as shown with a set of fixed, horizontal vanes 21, 28, and 29, respectively, which are tilted so as to direct downwardly the respective streams of heated air which are forced therethrough from the heating unit 2| by Way of the distribution chamber 23.

portion of the air in the direction indicated by the arrow 34 and another portion of the air in the direction indicated by the arrow 35, and the grille or outlet 26 is provided with thevertically extending vanes 36 for directing a forced stream of air in the direction indicated by the arrow 31. In order properly to proportion the volume of air forced outwardly through the various grilles 24, 25, and 26, the distribution chamber 23 may be provided with suitable proportioning means such as are represented by the proportioning dampers 38 and 39 shown best in Fig. 5.

As shown in Fig. 1 the downwardly directed streams of heated air, which are represented by the arrows 34 and and which are discharged from the grille 25, are directed toward the revanes 32 and 33, respectively, for directing a spective doorways of the bedrooms II and. I2 so that a stream of heated air flows into each bed-' room at a low level for circulation throughout the bedrooms. These bedrooms are provided with no return ducts and accordingly the excess air in the bedrooms is caused to back-spill through the doorways into the hallway I3. The stream of air represented by the arrow 3| is discharged directly into the bathroom and, there being no outlet duct communicating with the bathroom III, the excess air therein also backspills into the hallway I3. If desired, the discharge opening or grille 24 may be omitted and the bathroom heated solely by directing a portion of the air discharged from the grille 25 toward or across the bathroom doorway.

Inasmuch as the entire sleeping area, which comprises the bathroom III and the two bedrooms II and I2, is isolated from the remainder of the enclosure except for the-opening I4 between the hallway I3 and the living area I5, it will be apparent that the excess air from the entire sleeping area is caused to back-spill through the opening I4 into the living area. This back-spilled air is entrained with the downwardly directed stream of air represented by the arrow 31, which stream of air is forcibly discharged from the grille or discharge opening 26 in a direction such as to mix with the back-spilled air and circulate throughout the entire living area. As heretofore mentioned, the distribution chamber 23 is located closely adjacent the floor level, and accordingly the forced streams of heated air discharged therefrom, as heretofore described, are efiective properly to heat the living and sleeping areas and to prevent the formation of cold layers of air adjacent the floor level. Preferably, the grilles 25 and 26 are located approximately 16" above the floor and in one embodiment of the invention are approximately 14" wide and 22" high, the grille 24, of course, being considerably smaller.

As heretofore mentioned, the intake side of the heating unit 2| communicates directly with the utility room 20, and, by virtue of the fact that the louvered type doors I8 and I9 are provided between the rooms I5, I6, and 20, a volume of air substantially equal to the totalvolume of air discharged into the sleeping and living areas will be withdrawn from the living area through the louvered door I8, and this volume of air will circulate through the kitchen I6, the louvered type door I9, and the utility room 26 to the intake side of the heating unit 2|. During circulation through the sleeping and living areas the heated air discharged from the distribution chamber 23 will of course decrease in temperature so that the air drawn through the kitchen I6 will be of relatively lower temperature than the air circulated through the sleeping and living areas. This feature of the system is beneficial to the comfort of the occupants of the building due to the fact that it is not desirable to have the kitchen or other utility areas maintained at as high a temperature as the living and sleeping areas.

While the doors I3 and I9, shown in Fig. 1,.

may be of any desired type which will permit the passage of sufficient volumes of air therethrough even though the doors occupy their closed positions, I prefer to provide louvered type or tropical type doors such as are illustrated in Fig. 6. The

door ll, shown in Fig. 6, is provided with a plurality of louvers wh ch are preferably tilted, as shown, so as to obscure the view from one space to another.

It will be observed that the degree of heating imparted to the bedrooms H and i2 may be positivelyand accurately controlled merely by opening or closing the doors and 44 which respectively connect I way l3. At night, when it is not desired to heat the bedrooms, these doors may simply be closed, whereupon the streams of air represented by the arrows 34 and 35 will be caused to by-pass the bedrooms and back-spill directly from the hallway [3 through the opening l4, and into the living area l5. This by-passing of these streams of heated or-conditioned air will not affect or interrupt the proper operation of the heating unit 21, and it will of course be understood that a suitable thermostatic control (not shown), preferably located in the living area at a point adjacent the entrance to the kitchen, may be provided for controlling the heating and blow-' ing means of the unit 2|. Control of the bedroom heating solely by the doors l8 and 40 renders the system substantially foolproof, as the bedroom windows may be opened to any desired degree at night, when these'doors are closed," without appreciablyaffecting the heating of the remaining areas of the enclosure. In the mornwhen the windows are closed and the doors 38 and 40 are opened, a large supply of heated air is immediately available for heating the bedrooms to the desired temperatures.

In Fig. 2 there is shown a somewhat different floor plan arrangement, wherein the sleeping area consists of a bathroom 4! and a single bedroom 42 which communicate with a hallway 43, there being a single opening 44 between the hallway 43 and the living area 45. As in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the living area 45 communicates with a kitchen 46 and a utility these bedrooms withthe hall-;

room 41, in seriatim relation through suitable louvered type doors and 49, respectively. The heating unit in this embodiment of the invention is disposed in the utility room with its intake side connected thereto, and communicates with a distribution chamber 5i similar to the distribution chamber 23 described in connection with Fig. 1. A suitable stream of heated air is discharged into the bathroom 4|, as indicated by the arrow 52, and a suitable downwardly directed stream of air is likewise directed into the hallway 43 toward the door of the bedroom 42, as indicated by the arrow 53, the flow of air into the bedroom 42 being controlled by a suitable door 54. 3-

As indicated by the arrow 56, the stream of heated air forcibly discharged into the living area 45 is disposed so as to effectively entrainand mix with the excess air back-spilled from the sleeping area through the opening 44, and, as indicated by the arrows 51 and 58, a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of forcibly discharged air is 'drawn from the livin area through the louvered type door 48, the kitchen 46, the louvered type door 49, and into the utility room 41 from whence it returns to the intake side of the heating unit 5ll, as represented by the arrow 58.

I this embodiment of the invention a stairway may be provided leading from the hallway 43 to a second floor, wherein further bedrooms may be located. Heating systems embodying the present invention may be utilized Y throughout the living area before mixing with r .the back-spilled air. The combined back-spilled into the living area. The heating unit to heat both the'flrst and second floor of a two story enclosure". and in Fig.4: Ihave shown a two storyenclosure of the type which may be readily constructed either as a separate unit or as one unit. of a row house.

The right-hand side of Fig. 3 illustrates the second iloor of this particular unit, and this second floor constitutes the sleeping area of the enclosure which comprises a bathroom GI and two bedrooms 42 and 63, respectively, all of which communicate with a hallway 64. As shown, the hallway 44 communicates, by means of a stairway 55, with the lower floor, this stairway being the only opening between the two floors and the living and utility areas of the enclosure being located on the lower floor.

The lower floor arrangement, which is shown at the left-hand side of Fig. 3, comprises a com bined living and dining room 46 which forms the living area of the enclosure, and a kitchen 61 and utility room 44 which together form the utility area of the enclosure. As shown in the embodiments heretofore described, the heating unit is located with its intake or suction side directly communicating with the utility room, but in this case the heating unit 59 is provided with a vertically extending duct 10 which leads to a grille or discharge outlet 1| in'the hallway 84 on the second floor of the enclosure. This grille or discharge outlet 1| is provided with suitable directing vanes so that streams of air are discharged in'a downwardly direction toward the doors 12 and 13, respectively, of the bedrooms 42 and 43, as indicated by the arrows 14 and 15, respectively.

The bathroom ii in this case is heated solely by the air which may flow thereinto from the main stream directed toward the bedroom 62, but may if desired be provided with a separate grille similar to the grille 24 of Fig. 1. As in the heretofore described embodiments, excess air. back-spills from the bathroom andthe bedrooms into the hallway 54, the excess air from the hallway then being back-spilled down the stairway 69, in addition, is provided with a discharge outlet 16 from where a stream of downwardly directed air is discharged into the living area 56, as indicated by the arrow 11.

In this embodiment the stream of heated air discharged into the liting area does not immediately entrain and mix "with theback-spilled air from the sleeping area, but instead circulates air and discharged heated air supplied to the living area is drawn therefrom, as indicated by the arrow 18, through a louvered-type door 19 into the kitchen 51, and from there through a louvered type door 40, as indicated by the arrow 41, into the utility room 6% from whence it is returned tothe intake side of the heating unit 59.

It will now. be apparent that in thevarious embodiments of my invention, herein describedand illustrated, the heating system in each case is characterized by the forced discharge into both the sleeping and living areas of the enclosure of downwardly directed streams of properly heated or conditioned air at a point adjacent the floor level of these areas, and by, the withdrawal of a substantially equal volume of air from the living area through the utility areas by suction to the intake side of the heating or conditioning unit. Likewise, in'each case the sleeping area communicates with the living area through a single opening and is provided with no return ducts so that excess air in the sleeping area back-spills into the living area where it mixes with the heated or conditioned air forcibly discharged thereinto. Furthermore, in each case the heating or conditioning of the bedrooms in the sleeping area may be controlled solely by opening and closing the bedroom doors so as to permit the entry of a forced stream of air there- 'into, or to by-pass the air so that it is immediately back-spilled from the hallway into the living area.

An important feature of my invention is the moving of a large body of heated or conditioned air through the series circuit which comprises the heating or conditioning unit and the seriatim connected living and utility areas, the louvered doorswhich connect these areas permitting the free passage of air therethrough even though the doors are in their respective closed positions.

While I have shown particular embodiments of my invention, it will be understood, of course, that I do not wish to be limited thereto since many modifications may be made, and I, therefore, contemplate by the appended claims to cover any such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A method of air conditioning an enclosure which is divided into separate areas by the usual partition structures and which areas communicate with each other through openings in the partition structures, which method comprises discharging a forced stream of conditioned air into a first area of the enclosure to cause the resulting excess air from said first area to spill out of said first area through one of said openings into a communicating second area, simultaneously discharging another forced stream of conditioned air into said second area to entrain 2. A method of heating an enclosure which is i divided into separate areas by the usual partition structures and which areas communicate with each other through openings in the partition structures, which method comprises discharging a downwardly directed stream of heated air into a first area of the enclosure at a level closely adjacent the floor level to cause the resulting excess air from said first area to back; spill in a substantially reverse direction through one of said openings into a communicating second area, simultaneously discharging another downwardly directed stream of heated air into said second area at a level adjacent the floor level, withdrawing from said second area through another communicating opening a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of heated airdischarged in said streams, moving said volume of'air in seriatim through other communicating areas of said enclosure to heat said other areas, and heating said volume of air after movement through said other areas, said heated air thereafter being forcibly discharged to produce said downwardly directed streams.

3. A method of heating an enclosure which is divided into separate areas by the usual partition structures and which areas communicate with said back-spilled air at substantially the oint of backspill into said second area, causing the mixed air to circulate through said second area by withdrawing therefrom through another communicating opening a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of air discharged in said streams, moving'said withdrawn air through another area of said enclosure which communicates with said second area to heat said other area, and heating said withdrawn air, said heated air thereafter being forcibly discharged to produce said downwardly directed streams.

4. A method of air conditioning a residential enclosure which is divided into separate areas by the usual partition structures and which areas communicate with each other through openings in the partition structures, which method'cornprises continuously discharging a forced stream of conditioned air into a first area of the enclosure at a point adjacent an opening into said first area to cause the resulting excess air in said first area continuously to back-spill in a substantially reverse'direction through said opening and into a communicating second area of the enclosure, continuously discharging another forced stream of conditioned air into said second area at a point adjacent said opening and in a direction to entrain said back-spilled air, continuously withdrawing from said second area through a communicating opening remote from said mentioned opening, a volume of air substantially equal to. the total volume of air discharged in said streams, continuously moving .said volume of air in seriatim through other communicating areas of said enclosure to conditicn said other areas, and continuously. conditioning said volume of air, said conditionedair thereafter being continuously and forcibly discharged to produce said forced streams in said first and second areas.

5. In a residential enclosure of the type subother openings disposed in seriatim, the method of forced air heating which comprises discharging a downwardly directed forced stream of heated air into said sleeping area at a low level to cause the resulting excess air in said sleeping area to back-spill from said sleeping area into said communicating living area through said single opening, simultaneously discharging a forced stream of heated air into said living area at a low level, moving a volume of air substantially equal to the totalvolume of heated air disroom doorway, selectively causing said stream of charged in'sald streams byway of said openings disposed in seriatim from said living area through said utility areas to heat said utility I- areas, and heating said volume of air, said heated air thereafter being discharged toproduce said downwardly directed streams. 6. In a residential enclosure of the type subdivided by the usual partitions into sleeping, livair in said sleeping area to back-spill through said single opening into said communicating liv-' ing area, simultaneously discharging another forced stream of conditioned air into said living area at a second point adjacent said single opening and in a direction to entrain said back-spilled air, withdrawing from said living area by way' of one of said openings disposed in seriatim a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of conditioned air discharged in said streams, moving said volume of airby way of another of .said openings disposed in seriatim through said utility areas, and conditioningxsaid volume of air, said conditioned air thereafter being forcibly discharged to producesaid streams in said sleeping-and living areas.

'7. In a residential enclosure of the type subdivided by the usual partition structures into sleeping, living and utility areas wherein the sleeping area communicates with the living area through a single opening in the partition structure and said living and utility areas communicate with each other through openings disposed in seriatim, the method of forced air heating which comprises continuously discharging a downwardly directed stream of heated air at a low, level into said sleeping area at .a point adjacent said single opening and in a direction generally away from said opening to cause the re-.

sulting excess air in said sleeping area continuously to back-spill through said single opening into said communicating living area, continuously discharging another downwardly directed stream of heated air at a low level into said living area, continuously withdrawing from said living area a volume of air substantially equal to the volume of heated air discharged in said downwardly directed streams and moving said volume of air through said utility areas by way of said openings disposed in seriatim, and continuously heating said volume of air, said heated air being continuously and forcibly discharged to produce said downwardly directed streams.

heated air to enter or to by-pass said'bedroom solely by opening or closing said door, whereby the resulting excess air in said sleeping area is caused to back-spill through said opening into said communicating living area whether said door is open or closed, simultaneously discharging a second downwardly directed stream of heated air into said living area at a level adjacent the floor, withdrawing from said living area through another communicating opening in the partition structure a volume ofair substantially equal to the total volume of heated air discharged in said streams, moving 'said volume of air through said utilityv areas in series to heat said utility areas, and heating said volume of air, said heated air thereafter being forcibly discharged to produce said streams.

9. In a residential enclosure of the type subdivided by'v the usual partition structure into sleeping, living, and utility areas, wherein the sleeping area includes a bedroom and a hallway,

said hallway being connected to the living area by a single opening in the partition structure and being connected to said bedroom in the sleeping 'area through the usual door and doorway, and wherein said living and utility areas are arranged in series communication through other openings in the partition structure, the

method of forced air heatingyrhich comprises discharging a downwardly directed stream of heated air into said hallway at a level adjacent the floor and directly toward said door to said bedroom, selectively causing said stream of heated air to enter'or to by-pass said bedroom solely by opening or closing said door, whereby the resulting excess air in the hallway of said sleeping area back-spills through said opening into said communicating living area whether said door is open or closed, simultaneously discharging a second downwardly directed stream of heated air into said living area at a level adjacent the floor and at a point adjacent said single opening, said second stream being in a direction to entrain and mix with said back-spilled air in said living area, withdrawing from said living area through a communicating opening remote from said single opening a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of said backspilled air and-said heated air discharged in said I second stream, moving said volume of air through successive communicating utility areas in series to heat said utility areas, and heating said volume of air, said heated air thereafter being forcibly discharged to produce said streams.

10. In a residential enclosure of the type subdivided by the usual partition structure into 8. In a residential enclosure of the type sub- 7 divided by the usual partition structure into sleeping,- living, and utility areas, wherein the sleeping area includes a bedroom and a hallway,

said hallway being connected to the living area by a single opening in the partition structure and "being connected to said bedroom through the usual door and doorway, and wherein said living and utility areas are arranged in series communication by openings in said partition strucexcessair in said bathroom to back-spill'into ture, the method of forced air heating which sleeping, living and utility areas, wherein the sleeping area includes a'bedroom, a bathroom and a hallway, said hallway being connected to said bedroom and to said bathroom by the usual doors anddoorways, said hallway being connect-.

ed to the living area by a single opening in said partition structure, and wherein said living and utility areas communicate'with each other through other openings in said partition structure arranged in series, the method of forced air heating which comprises discharging a downwardly directed stream of heated air into said bathroom at a low level to cause the resulting said hallway, simultaneously discharging a sec- 0nd downwardly directed stream of heated air into said hallway at a low level directly toward the doorway tosaid bedroom, selectively causing said secondstream to enter or to by-pass said bedroom solely by opening or closing said bedroom door, whereby the resulting excess air in said bedroom when said second stream enters thereinto back-spills into said hallway and the resulting excessair in said hallway backspills into said communicating living area through said opening, simultaneously discharging a third downwardly directed stream of heated air into said living area at a low level, withdrawing from said living area a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of said air back-spilled into said living area and said heated air discharged in said third stream, moving said volume of air successively through communicating utility areas to heat said utility areas, and heating said volume of air, said heated air thereafter being forcibly discharged to produce said three streams.

11. In a residential enclosure of the basementless type subdivided by the usual partition structure into sleeping, living and utility areas; wherein said sleeping area includes bedrooms separately communicating with a hallway through the usual doors and doorways and a bathroom similarly communicating with said hallway, said hallway being connected with said living area through a single opening in said partition structure, and wherein said living and utility areas are arranged in series and each communicates with the immediately adjacent area through a louvered door, the method of forced air heating which comprises discharging a downwardly directed stream of heated air into said bathroom or in by-passing relation to said bedroom,

means for simultaneously directing another portion of said stream into said living area at a low level at a point adjacent said opening and in a direction to entrain and mix with air backspilled from said sleeping area through said doorway and said opening, and means connecting the end one of said series of connected areas to the suction side of said heating unit to withat a low level to cause the resulting excess ,air

in said bathroom to back-spill into said hallway,

simultaneously discharging other downwardly directed streams of air into said hallway at low levels directly toward the doorways to said bed rooms to cause the resulting excess air in said bedrooms upon entry of said streams thereinto to back-spill into said hallway, selectively causing said other streams to enter or to by-pass said bedrooms solely by opening or closing the respective bedroom doors, wherebythe total resulting excessair in said sleeping area back-spills from said hallway into said communicating living area through said single opening, simultaneously discharging a last downwardly directed stream of heated air into said living area at a low level, moving a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of heated air discharged in said streams from said living area and through said utility areas by way of said louvered doors, and heating said volume of air, said heated air thereafter being forcibly discharged to produce said downwardly directed streams.

12. In a residential enclosure subdivided by partitions into sleeping, living and utility areas wherein said sleeping area includes a hallway connected to said living area by a single opendraw from said living area and through said utility areas by suction a volume of air for reheating and redischarge in said streams, said utility areas being heated by the passage of said air therethrough, and louvered doors between said series of connected areas providing at all times for the free passage of said air through said areas.

13. In a residential enclosure of the type subdivided by partitions into sleeping, living, and utility areas wherein the sleeping area communicates with the other areas through a single opening in the dividing partition and said living and utility areas communicate with each other in seriatim by doorways in the dividing partitions therebetween, the combination of an air heating unit having a suction side and a discharge side and including means for forcibly discharging a large stream of heated air from said discharge side, means for directing a portion of said stream into said sleeping area at a low level to cause the resulting excess air in said sleeping area to back-spill through said single opening into said living area, means for simultaneously directing another portion of said stream into said living area at a low level to mix with the back-spilled air, means connecting the suction side of said heating unit with the end one of said seriatim-connected living and utility areas to withdraw from said living area through said utility areas in seriatim a volume of air substantially equal to the volume discharged in said large stream, and louvered doors in said doorways between said living and utility areas to provide for the free passage of air therethrough.

14. In a residential enclosure subdivided by I the usual partitions into sleeping, living, and

utility areas wherein the sleeping area communicates with the living area through a single opening in one of said partitions and the living and'utility areas communicate with each other in seriatim by openings in the respective dividing partitions, the combination of an air heating unit having-a suction side and a discharge side and including means for forcibly discharging a large stream of air from said discharge side,

' means for directing a portion of said stream into ing in the dividing partition and includes at least one bedroom connected to said hallway through the usual door and doorway, and wherein said living and utility areas are connected in series communication with each other through openings in said partitions,'the combination of a heating unit having a suction side arid a. discharge side and including means for forcibly discharging a large'stream of heated air from said discharge side, meansfor directing a portion of said stream at a low level into said hall- 'way in a. direction away from said opening and said sleeping area to cause the resulting excess air therein to back-spill through said single opening into saidcommunicating living area, means for simultaneously directing another portion of said stream into said living area at a low level to mix with said back-spilled air, and

/ means for connecting the suction side 01' said toward said bedroom doorway, said door being efiective byopening or closing selectively to control the flow of said portion of said stream into heating unit with the end one of said seriatim connected areas to withdraw from said living area through said utility areas in seriatim a. volume of air substantially equal to the volume of air discharged from said unit. I

15. In a residential enclosure subdivided by partitions into a plurality of areas having communicating openings whereby the areas are arranged in series relation, the combination of a conditioning unit having a suction side, a discharge side and means for forcibly discharging said utility areas to heat said utility areas, and heating said volume of air after movement a large stream of conditioned air from said discharge side, means for directing a portion of said stream into an end one of said areas in a direction generally away from the opening which communicates said end area with next adjacent area, whereby the resulting excess air in said end area backspills through said opening into said next adjacent area, means for simultaneously directing another portion of said stream into said next adjacent area in a direction generally toward the remaining serially arranged areas, and means for connecting the suction side of said unit. with the opposite end one of said areas to withdraw from said opposite end area, and from said next adjacent area by way of communicating intermediate areas a volume of air substantially equal to the volume of air discharged from said unit.

16. In a residential enclosure'of the type sub-' divided by the usual partition structures into sleeping, living and utility areas, wherein the 1 ing in said partition structure, said opening bethrough said utility areas, said heated air thereafter being forcibly discharged to produce said two streams.

17. In a residential enclosure of the type subdivided by the usual partition structures into sleeping, living and utility areas, wherein the sleeping area includes a bathroom, at least one bedroom and a hallway, said hallway being connected to said bathroom and to said bedroom by the usual doors and doorways and being connected to the living area through a single opening in said partition structure, said opening being disposed in a wall extending at substantially right angles to the plane of the bathroom doorway, and wherein said living and utility areas are connected in series with each other through other openings in said partition structure, the combination of a heating unit having a suction side and a discharge side and including means sleeping area includes a bathroom, at least for forcibly discharging a large stream of heated air from said discharge side, means for directing a portion of said stream at a low level into said hallway from a point in the wall containing said opening in a direction toward the doorway to said bedroom, said bedroom door being disposed in a wall extending at substantially right angles to the plane of the bathroom doorway, and wherein said living and utility areas are connected in series with each other through openings in said partition structure, the method of forced air heating which comprises forcibly discharging a downwardly directed stream of heated air into said hallway at a low level from a point in the wall containing said opening and directly toward the doorway to said bedroom,

selectively causing said stream to enter or to by-pass said bedroom solely by opening or closing said bedroom door whereby the resulting excess air in said bedroom when said stream enters.thereinto-back-spills into said hallway and the resulting excess air in said hallway backspills into said living area through said opening. simultaneously forcibly discharging a second downwardly directed stream of heated air into said living area at a low level from a point ad- .jacent to and in a direction generally away from said opening, withdrawing from said living area 'a volume of air substantially equal to the total volume of the back-spilled air and the heated air forcibly discharged insaid second stream,

moving saidvolume of air successively through ing effective by opening or closing selectively to control the flow of said portion of said stream into or in by-passing relation to said bedroom whereby the resulting excess air in said hallway back-spills through said opening into said connected living area, means for simultaneously directing another portion of said large stream into said living area at a low level ata point adjacent said opening and in a direction generally away from said opening to entrain and mix with the air back-spilled from the hallway of said sleeping area through said opening, and means connecting the end one of said series of connected living and utility areas to the suction side of said heating unit to withdraw from said living area and through said utility areas by suction avolume of air substantially equal to the volume discharged in said large stream whereby said air is reheated and redischarged from'said heating unit, said utility areas being heated by the passage of said volume of. air therethrough, and louvered doors between said series of connected living and utility areas for enabling the free passage of said air through said areas.

ROGERS FOLLANSBEE.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION. Patent No. 2,278,8L 5. April 7, '19L 2.

ROGERS FOLLANSBEE.

It is hereby certified that error appears .in the printed spe cification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, first column, line 28, for "distribtuion" 'read 1istribution--; page 11., second column, line 1 9, claim )4, after "said" insert first-; page 5, first column, line 11 claim 6, strike out "and" after "opening" and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction the-rein that-the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 50th day of June, A. D. 191+2.

v I Henry Van Ars'dale, (Seal) 7 Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

